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Interpreting Results and Evaluating FindingsControl ChartsStatistical Process ControlQuality ControlGCSE
AQA GCSE · Question 12.2 · Interpreting Results and Evaluating Findings
The control chart for 10 consecutive large samples for Machine B is shown below. What should Luka do, if anything, with Machine B, based on this chart?
The control chart for 10 consecutive large samples for Machine B is shown below. What should Luka do, if anything, with Machine B, based on this chart?
How to approach this question
1. **Recall Control Chart Rules**: Pay attention to rules about points near the limits. A key rule is that if two consecutive points fall between a warning limit and an action limit, the process should be investigated.
2. **Examine the Chart for Machine B**:
* Are any points outside the action lines? No.
* Look at the last two points, for sample 9 and sample 10.
* Sample 9 has a mean of approx. 25.7g. This is between the upper warning line (25.5g) and the upper action line (26.0g).
* Sample 10 has a mean of approx. 25.8g. This is also between the upper warning and action lines.
3. **Apply the Rule**: We have two consecutive points in the warning zone. This is a signal that the process is likely out of control.
4. **Formulate a Conclusion**: Action is required. Luka should stop the machine and investigate the cause of the increased mean mass.
Full Answer
When interpreting a control chart, we look for signals that the process may be going out of control. One of the standard rules is that if **two consecutive points lie between a warning limit and the corresponding action limit**, action should be taken.
On the chart for Machine B:
- The sample mean for sample 9 is approximately 25.7g. This is above the upper warning limit of 25.5g but below the upper action limit of 26.0g.
- The sample mean for sample 10 is approximately 25.8g. This is also between the upper warning and action limits.
Since two points in a row have fallen in this zone, it is a strong indicator that there is a problem and the process mean may have shifted upwards. Therefore, Luka should stop Machine B and investigate the cause.
Common mistakes
✗ Stating no action is needed because no points are outside the action limits. This ignores the rule about consecutive points in the warning zone.
✗ Only mentioning one point is in the warning zone, which on its own does not require action.
Practice the full AQA GCSE Statistics Higher Tier Paper 1
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