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AQA GCSE · Question 10 · Families
Discuss how far sociologists would agree that the main function of the family is to serve the needs of capitalism.
Discuss how far sociologists would agree that the main function of the family is to serve the needs of capitalism.
How to approach this question
Structure your answer as a debate.
1. **Introduction:** Briefly introduce the debate, stating that Marxists agree with the statement while other perspectives like Functionalism and Feminism disagree.
2. **Arguments FOR (Marxism):** Explain at least two ways Marxists believe the family serves capitalism (e.g., unit of consumption, ideological state apparatus, inheritance of private property). Use key concepts and sociologists (e.g., Zaretsky, Engels).
3. **Arguments AGAINST (Functionalism/Feminism):** Explain the alternative views. What do Functionalists (e.g., Murdock, Parsons) see as the family's main functions? What do Feminists see as its main function?
4. **Conclusion:** Summarise the arguments and come to a justified conclusion on 'how far' sociologists would agree. A good conclusion will acknowledge the strengths of the Marxist view but argue that it is too simplistic to be the *main* function.
Full Answer
This question addresses a central debate in the sociology of the family. The Marxist perspective sees all social institutions, including the family, as shaped by the economic base of society. In a capitalist society, the family serves the interests of the ruling class by reproducing labour power, acting as a unit of consumption, and ideologically conditioning its members. In contrast, Functionalism sees the family as a vital organ for the health of the entire social body, performing universal functions. Feminism critiques both views, arguing they ignore the internal power dynamics and the family's role in maintaining patriarchy.
Common mistakes
A common mistake is to only describe the Marxist view without evaluating it or bringing in other perspectives. The phrase 'discuss how far' requires you to present a balanced argument with different viewpoints. Another mistake is to list theories without explaining how they relate to the question.
Practice the full AQA GCSE Sociology Paper 1
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