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    PracticeAQA GCSEAQA GCSE Physics Foundation Tier Paper 1Question 02.1
    Easy1 markMultiple Choice
    Atomic StructureFoundationAtomic StructureRadioactive DecayAlpha Decay

    AQA GCSE · Question 02.1 · Atomic Structure

    Polonium-210 (²¹⁰₈₄Po) is a radioactive isotope that decays by emitting alpha radiation.
    Which is the correct decay equation for polonium-210?
    Tick (✔) one box.

    Answer options:

    A.

    ²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²¹⁴₈₆X + ⁴₂He

    B.

    ²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²⁰⁶₈₂X + ⁴₂He

    C.

    ²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²⁰⁶₈₆X + ⁴₂He

    How to approach this question

    1. Recall what an alpha particle is. It is a helium nucleus, represented as ⁴₂He. 2. Understand what happens during alpha decay: the nucleus emits an alpha particle. 3. Apply the conservation laws: - The total mass number (top number) must be the same on both sides of the equation. - The total atomic number (bottom number) must be the same on both sides. 4. Check each option: - For the new nucleus X, its mass number will be 210 - 4. - Its atomic number will be 84 - 2. 5. Select the option that matches your calculation.

    Full Answer

    B.²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²⁰⁶₈₂X + ⁴₂He✓ Correct
    Alpha decay involves the emission of an alpha particle (a helium nucleus, ⁴₂He) from an unstable nucleus. When a nucleus undergoes alpha decay: - Its mass number (the top number, A) decreases by 4. - Its atomic number (the bottom number, Z) decreases by 2. For Polonium-210 (²¹⁰₈₄Po): - New mass number = 210 - 4 = 206 - New atomic number = 84 - 2 = 82 So, the resulting nucleus is ²⁰⁶₈₂X. The full equation is: ²¹⁰₈₄Po → ²⁰⁶₈₂X + ⁴₂He

    Common mistakes

    ✗ Confusing alpha decay with beta decay. ✗ Adding the mass/atomic numbers instead of subtracting them from the parent nucleus. ✗ Not checking that both mass number and atomic number are conserved.
    Question 01.4All questionsQuestion 02.2

    Practice the full AQA GCSE Physics Foundation Tier Paper 1

    36 questions · hints · full answers · grading

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