Water and dissolved substances are transported through a plant.

Complete the sentences. Choose answers from the box.

epidermis, guard cells, palisade cells, phloem, stomata, xylem

Water moves from the roots to the leaves in the ______.
Water is lost from leaves through pores called ______.
Dissolved sugars are transported in the ______.

Plants have two specialised transport tissues: - **Xylem:** These tubes transport water and dissolved mineral ions from the roots, up the stem, and to the leaves. This flow of water is called the transpiration stream. - **Phloem:** These tubes transport dissolved sugars (like sucrose), made during photosynthesis in the leaves, to other parts of the plant for immediate use (e.g., in respiration) or for storage (e.g., as starch in roots). This process is called translocation. Water evaporates from the surface of the leaves and diffuses out into the air. This water vapour is lost through tiny pores on the leaf surface called **stomata** (singular: stoma). These pores also allow carbon dioxide to enter for photosynthesis.