'BlockLogistics', a publicly listed supply chain firm, is experiencing an 'agency problem' where directors are prioritizing short-term bonuses over long-term shareholder wealth.

Which TWO of the following mechanisms are designed to reduce the agency problem?

The agency problem arises from the separation of ownership and control. To mitigate it, companies use goal congruence mechanisms (like linking pay to long-term share performance, Option A) and monitoring mechanisms (like corporate governance and non-executive directors, Option C). Increasing fixed salaries (Option B) or combining the CEO/Chairman roles (Option D) generally exacerbate the agency problem.